腦洞數學week3 “0”的故事

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零不不是羅馬數字也不是阿拉伯數字，它曾經被認為是怪獸！！！

今天我們來說說“0”








                                          https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQEuywkWa2U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEloF7Mf20Y


在有“0”以前的世界
In the world before "0"
We all know that the basis of mathematical calculation is Arabic numerals: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0. Without these figures, we cannot calculate. But did you know that these Arabic numerals were not invented by the Arabs, but originated in ancient India, and were later mastered and improved by the Arabs and spread to the West. The Westerners called these numbers Arabic numerals. Since then, it has been accepted by all over the world.

At that time, the Roman count had only numbers up to V (ie, 5), and numbers within X (ie, 10) were combined by V (5) and other numbers. X is a combination of two Vs, and the same digital symbol has different amounts according to its positional relationship with other digital symbols. From this point of view, there was no 0 in the Roman numerals.

On the other hand, in India, in the original set of ancient Indian figures, there was no sign of 0. Because in the eyes of the people at that time, 0 means no, and naturally there is no need to exist. It can be seen that the number 0 is abandoned so ruthlessly.


我们都知道，数学计算的基础是阿拉伯数字：1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、0。离开这些数字，我们无法进行计算。但你知道么，其实这些阿拉伯数字并不是阿拉伯人发明创造的，而是发源于古印度，后来被阿拉伯人掌握、改进，并传到了西方，西方人便将这些数字称为阿拉伯数字。此后，以讹传讹，世界各地都认同了这个说法。

当时罗马的计数当时只有到Ⅴ（即5）的数字，Ⅹ（即10）以内的数字则由Ⅴ（5）和其它数字组合起来。Ⅹ是两个Ⅴ的组合，同一数字符号根据它与其他数字符号位置关系而具有不同的量。由此看来，罗马数字中当时并没有0。

反观印度，在最初的古印度整套数字中，也是没有出现0的符号。因为在当时的人们看来，0代表着就是没有，自然也不需要存在了。可见，0这个数字就这样无情地被抛弃了。


                              誰發現“0”
                         Who found "0"
In 458 AD, the concept of "zero" appeared for the first time in India. In 628 AD, the Indian astronomy and mathematician Brama Gupta created a symbol for "zero". At that time, 0 was not like a standing egg, but like a soy bean, just a solid dot under the number.
公元458年，印度首次出现了“零”的概念。公元628年，印度天文学兼数学家布拉马古普塔为“零”创设了一个符号。那时候0还不是像一个立着的鸡蛋，而是像一个黄豆，只是位于数字底下的一个实心小圆点。



                     “0”如何被欧洲发现？

            How was "0" found in Europe?


European mathematicians did not know the number "0" at first. Later, a scholar in Rome discovered the symbol "0" from Indian notation. He found that with the number "0", it is very convenient to perform mathematical operations. He was very happy and could not wait to elaborate on the Indians' "0" method.

欧洲的数学家们最开始是不知道“0”这个数字的。后来，罗马有一位学者从印度计数法中发现了“0”这个符号。他发现，有了数字“0”，进行数学运算非常方便。他非常高兴，迫不及待地把印度人使用“0”的方法向大家做了介绍。



                       “0”为什么被孤立？

                       Why "0" is isolated

But the matter was soon known to the Pope. At that time, the power of the church was very large, far surpassing the emperor. The Pope was very angry. He scolded that the sacred number was created by God, and there was no "0" monster in the number created by God. Now whoever wants to use it is blasphemous! So the pope ordered that the scholar be arrested and tortured. Although "0" is forbidden, Roman mathematicians still use "0" secretly in the study of mathematics regardless of the ban, and use "0" to make many mathematical contributions.

可这件事不久就被罗马教皇知道了。当时，教会的势力非常大，远远超过了皇帝。教皇非常愤怒，他斥责说，神圣的数是上帝创造的，在上帝创造的数里没有“0”这个怪物。如今谁要使用它，谁就是亵渎上帝！于是，教皇就下令，把那位学者抓了起来，并对他施加了酷刑。虽然“0”被禁止使用，但是罗马的数学家们还是不管禁令，在数学的研究中仍然秘密地使用“0”，并用“0”做出了很多数学上的贡献。



                     “0”在数学界的贡献

           "0" Contribution in Mathematics

0 is the dividing point between positive and negative numbers and the origin on the Cartesian coordinate axis in analytic geometry. Without 0, there is no origin, and there is no coordinate system. The analytical geometry building falls apart. If there is no 0, number theory cannot be perfected, nor can the great mathematical tool of calculus appear, nor can computers and the Internet be invented, nor can rocket ships go into space.


Later, "0" was finally widely used in Europe, and the Roman numerals were gradually eliminated. No one can stop the appearance of "0". Now, "0" has become the most meaningful number sign. "0" can represent digits, coordinates, precision, number, demarcation point, starting point... In the computer field, "0" is also used to indicate "false" in logic, indicating the low potential state in electrical signals, also in binary Important role.


Therefore, we still want to thank the ancient Indian people for this clever invention!

0是正数和负数的分界点，也是解析几何中笛卡儿坐标轴上的原点。没有0也就没有原点，也就没有了坐标系，解析几何学大厦就会分崩离析。如果没有0，数论就不能完善，微积分这一伟大的数学工具也不能出现，计算机和互联网也发明不出来，火箭飞船更没法升上太空。

后来“0”终于在欧洲被广泛使用，而罗马数字也逐渐被淘汰了。“0”的出现，谁也阻挡不住。现在，“0”已经成为含义最丰富的数字符号。“0”可以表示数位、坐标、精确度、编号、分界点、起点……在计算机领域，“0”还用来表示逻辑中的“假”，表示电信号里的低电位状态，也是二进制中的重要角色。

所以，我们还是要感谢古代印度人民的这一巧妙的发明哦！



原文網址：https://kknews.cc/news/pp3kk68.html






Fun Math Homework !!!!!!腦洞數學作業！！！


9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1 = 0


Please insert seven arithmetic symbols between 987654321 (plus or minus signs only),

Make the equation true.

請在987654321之間插入七個運算符號(只能用加號或減號)，
使等式成立。











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